Professor Ender Kazazoglu Istanbul Turkey.

In this study a mouthrinse spray (Janina ULTIMA with BRUSHCLEAN Spray) is tested in vitro for its effects on toothbrush micro-organisms which are Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. These micro-organisms were cultured and after 48 hours of incubation,a suspension was prepared according to the McFarland technique. Then 5ml of Janina Ultima was added to the prepared suspension. 3,5,10,15,30 and 60 minutes later all specimens were found to be sterile.

From this in vitro study it can be concluded that the use of Janina ULTIMA with BRUSHCLEAN is highly efficient for disinfecting manual and battery brushes.

With the introduction of Ultima BrushClean, a good brushing and flossing program we now have a complete solution to a fast recovery from gum disease and bad breath.

Janina Ultima With added BrushClean
There are a wide range of mouthrinses on the market from simple breath fresheners to products which make a real contribution to oral health. Mouthrinses that contain fluoride can help to prevent dental decay. Fluoride mouthrinses should be recommended for children having orthodontic treatment, especially fixed appliance treatment that makes it more difficult to clean teeth.

Erosive potential of various mouthrinses with low pH
It is evident from clinical publications that factors such as pH, acid concentration, temperature, exposure time and frequency of exposure can all contribute to enamel erosion (products that do not contain Fluoride). However studies by Lussi & Jaegg.Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 111 (2001), 274-281. Fluoridated dental care products, mouthrinses do not exhibit erosive properties and can increase enamel hardness despite low pH levels.

Fluoride rinses should also be recommended for children identified at special decay risk.

For patients suffering from dry mouth, or who have undergone radiation therapy a broad-spectrum formulation mouthrinse should be used (Janina Opale and Ultima with BrushClean).

This type of Mouthrinse can also help manage inflammatory periodontal diseases and treat halitosis (bad breath). Most rinses normally advise use twice daily, sloshing the rinse around the mouth for one or two minutes.

Very small children should not use any mouthrinses because they are not able to spit out properly and there is therefore a risk of swallowing.

Some mouthrinses contain some pharmaceutical grade alcohol, as a preservative and as a semi-active ingredient. Child-resistant closures for mouthrinses containing a higher proportion of alcohol are very important to minimise the risk of accidental swallowing. It has sometimes been suggested that alcohol-containing mouthrinses might be a cause of oral cancer.

Oral cancer is known to be associated with tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption. People who smoke and drink may also use mouthrinses to conceal the smell, so the epidemiological data can be difficult to interpret. However, the BDAs accreditation panel concluded that there is no evidence that if used as directed, mouthrinses can lead to oral cancer. A further review carried out by a working party of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1996 came to a similar conclusion.

Janina Opale and Ultima Mouthrinse Research carried out over the past year by Dr Martin Grootveld, assessed the new Janina Opale and Ultima with BrushClean mouthrinse. This product contains fluoride, zinc, xylitol, pyrophosphate, a series of oxidants, baking soda and enzymes.

Dr Grootvelds research has shown that this Janina mouthrinse contains active tooth whitening agents, which not only serve to reverse adverse tooth colourations but are also proven to protect against oral malodour (bad breath). Each of these oxidant components is present at a level approved by the European Community and the UK Health and Safety Executive.

Dr Newton Johnson has presented data that Janina Sensitive and Diamond Extra Strength toothpaste was the least abrasive of all the whitening toothpaste products tested in a study carried out in collaboration with the University of Indiana in Indianapolis, USA. In addition, Dr Kevin Seymour reported in the British Dental Journal. In a double blind clinical trial proved intrinsic whitening with Janina toothpaste.

This paper presents an overview on toothbrushes, toothbrushing and mouthrinses and discusses research carried out by Edward Lynch Professor of Restorative Denttistry and Gerodontology in Queens University Belfast. Dr Martin Grootveld, Reader in Chemistry, St Bartholomews and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London and Professor Ender Kazazoglu Yeditepe Universitesi Istanbul Turkey, John Mehmet Head of research Janina International.